As the installed capacity of wind power expands rapidly, the impact of wind farms connecting to the grid is becoming increasingly prominent. The intermittent and fluctuating nature of wind power easily leads to problems such as voltage fluctuations and frequency deviations in the power grid, thereby affecting the safe and stable operation of the grid. According to data from the National Energy Administration, in the early stages, some wind farms had annual wind curtailment rates as high as 15% due to insufficient grid adaptability, severely restricting the efficient utilization of wind power.
To address this issue, wind farms across various regions have recently begun carrying out grid-adaptation upgrades. The upgrade measures primarily include installing reactive power compensation devices, upgrading frequency-regulation control systems, and optimizing grid connection interfaces. At a large-scale wind farm in North China, the installation of SVG dynamic reactive power compensation devices enables the wind farm to adjust its reactive power output in real time according to grid demands, keeping voltage fluctuations at the point of interconnection within a range of ±2%, which significantly exceeds the national standard.

Enhancing frequency modulation capability is one of the key focuses of the renovation efforts. Traditional wind farms have relatively weak capacity to participate in grid frequency regulation. By upgrading turbine control systems and installing energy storage devices, wind farms can achieve rapid frequency modulation responses. In a wind-plus-storage integrated project in Northwest China, the wind farm’s frequency modulation response time was reduced from the original 10 seconds to just 2 seconds, and its frequency modulation accuracy improved by 60%, effectively supporting frequency stability in the regional power grid.

In response to the grid-connected characteristics of distributed wind farms, adaptive upgrades place greater emphasis on flexibility and compatibility. Since distributed wind farms are often connected to distribution networks, the upgrade process has adopted miniaturized and modular grid-connection equipment that can dynamically adjust grid-connection strategies based on the operational status of the distribution network. In a distributed wind farm located in an industrial park in southern Jiangsu, the upgraded system can operate in coordination with the park’s microgrid. During power grid faults, the system automatically switches to islanded operation mode, ensuring stable power supply to the park’s critical loads.

The policy framework also provides strong support for the renovation efforts. The National Energy Administration has explicitly required that newly built wind farms must meet the latest grid connection standards, and existing wind farms must complete adaptive renovations by the end of 2027. Local governments have swiftly introduced supporting policies, offering financial subsidies and technical guidance to renovation projects. Industry experts point out that grid adaptation is not only a “must-answer question” for wind farms but also a “breakthrough” for the coordinated development of new energy sources and the power grid.